IF AND formula in Excel
by Svetlana Cheusheva, updated on
The tutorial shows how to use IF together with the AND function in Excel to check multiple conditions in one formula.
Some things in the world are finite. Others are infinite, and the IF function seems to be one of such things. On our blog, we already have a handful of Excel IF tutorials and still discover new uses every day. Today, we are going to look at how you can use IF together with the AND function to evaluate two or more conditions at the same time.
IF AND statement in Excel
In order to build the IF AND statement, you obviously need to combine the IF and AND functions in one formula. Here's how:
IF(AND(condition1, condition2,…), value_if_true, value_if_false)
Translated into plain English, the formula reads as follows: IF condition 1 is true AND condition 2 is true, do one thing, otherwise do something else.
As an example, let's make a formula that checks if B2 is "delivered" and C2 is not empty, and depending on the results, does one of the following:
- If both conditions are TRUE, mark the order as "Closed".
- If either condition is FALSE or both are FALSE, then return an empty string ("").
=IF(AND(B2="delivered", C2<>""), "Closed", "")
The screenshot below shows the IF AND function in Excel:
If you'd like to return some value in case the logical test evaluates to FALSE, supply that value in the value_if_false argument. For example:
=IF(AND(B2="delivered", C2<>""), "Closed", "Open")
The modified formula outputs "Closed" if column B is "delivered" and C has any date in it (non-blank). In all other cases, it returns "Open":
Note. When using an IF AND formula in Excel to evaluate text conditions, please keep in mind that lowercase and uppercase are treated as the same character. If you are looking for a case-sensitive IF AND formula, wrap one or more arguments of AND into the EXACT function as it is done in the linked example.
Now that you know the syntax of the Excel IF AND statement, let me show you what kind of tasks it can solve.
Excel IF: greater than AND less than
In the previous example, we were testing two conditions in two different cells. But sometimes you may need to run two or more tests on the same cell. A typical example is checking if a cell value is between two numbers. The Excel IF AND function can easily do that too!
Let's say you have some sales numbers in column B and you are requested to flag the amounts greater than $50 but less than $100. To have it done, insert this formula in C2 and then copy it down the column:
=IF(AND(B2>50, B2<100), "x", "")
If you need to include the boundary values (50 and 100), use the less than or equal to operator (<=) and greater than or equal to (>=) operator:
=IF(AND(B2>=50, B2<=100), "x", "")
To process some other boundary values without changing the formula, enter the minimum and maximum numbers in two separate cells and refer to those cells in your formula. For the formula to work correctly in all the rows, be sure to use absolute references for the boundary cells ($F$1 and $F$2 in our case):
=IF(AND(B2>=$F$1, B2<=$F$2), "x", "")
By using a similar formula, you can check if a date falls within a specified range.
For example, let's flag dates between 10-Sep-2018 and 30-Sep-2018, inclusive. A small hurdle is that dates cannot be supplied to the logical tests directly. For Excel to understand the dates, they should be enclosed in the DATEVALUE function, like this:
=IF(AND(B2>=DATEVALUE("9/10/2018"), B2<=DATEVALUE("9/30/2018")), "x", "")
Or simply input the From and To dates in two cells ($F$1 and $F$2 in this example) and "pull" them from those cells by using the already familiar IF AND formula:
=IF(AND(B2>=$F$1, B2<=$F$2), "x", "")
For more information, please see Excel IF statement between two numbers or dates.
IF this AND that, then calculate something
Apart from returning predefined values, the Excel IF AND function can also perform different calculations depending on whether the specified conditions are TRUE or FALSE.
To demonstrate the approach, we will be calculating a bonus of 5% for "Closed" sales with the amount greater than or equal to $100.
Assuming the amount is in column B and the order status in column C, the formula goes as follows:
=IF(AND(B2>=100, C2="closed"), B2*10%, 0)
The above formula assigns zero to the rest of the orders (value_if_false = 0). If you are willing to give a small stimulating bonus, say 3%, to orders that do not meet the conditions, include the corresponding equation in the value_if_false argument:
=IF(AND(B2>=100, C2="closed"), B2*10%, B2*3%)
Multiple IF AND statements in Excel
As you may have noticed, we have evaluated only two criteria in all the above examples. But there is nothing that would prevent you from including three and more tests in your IF AND formulas as long as they comply with these general limitations of Excel:
- In Excel 2007 and higher, up to 255 arguments can be used in a formula, with a total formula length not exceeding 8,192 characters.
- In Excel 2003 and lower, no more than 30 arguments are allowed, with a total length not exceeding 1,024 characters.
As an example of multiple AND conditions, please consider these ones:
- Amount (B2) should be greater than or equal to $100
- Order status (C2) is "Closed"
- Delivery date (D2) is within the current month
Now, we need an IF AND statement to identify the orders for which all 3 conditions are TRUE. And here it is:
=IF(AND(B2>=100, C2="Closed", MONTH(D2)=MONTH(TODAY())), "x", "")
Given that the 'current month' at the moment of writing was October, the formula delivers the below results:
Nested IF AND statements
When working with large worksheets, chances are that you may be required to check a few sets of different AND criteria at a time. For this, you take a classic Excel nested IF formula and extend its logical tests with AND statements, like this:
IF(AND(…), output1, IF(AND(…), output2, IF(AND(…), output3, output4)))
To get the general idea, please look at the following example.
Supposing you want to rate your service based on the shipment cost and estimated time of delivery (ETD):
- Excellent: shipment cost under $20 and ETD under 3 days
- Poor: shipment cost over $30 and ETD over 5 days
- Average: anything in between
To get it done, you write two individual IF AND statements:
IF(AND(B2<20, C2<3), "Excellent", …)
IF(AND(B2>30, C2>5), "Poor", …)
…and nest one into the other:
=IF(AND(B2>30, C2>5), "Poor", IF(AND(B2<20, C2<3), "Excellent", "Average"))
The result will look similar to this:
More formula examples can be found in Excel nested IF AND statements.
Case-sensitive IF AND function in Excel
As mentioned in the beginning of this tutorial, Excel IF AND formulas do not distinguish between uppercase and lowercase characters because the AND function is case-insensitive by nature.
If you are working with case-sensitive data and want to evaluate AND conditions taking into account the text case, do each individual logical test inside the EXACT function and nest those functions into your AND statement:
IF(AND(EXACT(cell,"condition1"), EXACT(cell,"condition2")), value_if_true, value_if_false)
For this example, we are going to flag orders of a specific customer (e.g. the company named Cyberspace) with an amount exceeding a certain number, say $100.
As you can see in the below screenshot, some company names in column B look the same excerpt the characters case, and nevertheless they are different companies, so we have to check the names exactly. The amounts in column C are numbers, and we run a regular "greater than" test for them:
=IF(AND(EXACT(B2, "Cyberspace"), C2>100), "x", "")
To make the formula more flexible, you can input the target customer name and amount in two separate cells and refer to those cells. Just remember to lock the cell references with $ sign ($G$1 and $G$2 in our case) so they won't change when you copy the formula to other rows:
=IF(AND(EXACT(B2, $G$1), C2>$G$2), "x", "")
Now, you can type any name and amount in the referenced cells, and the formula will flag the corresponding orders in your table:
IF OR AND formula in Excel
In Excel IF formulas, you are not limited to using only one logical function. To check various combinations of multiple conditions, you are free to combine the IF, AND, OR and other functions to run the required logical tests. Here is an example of IF AND OR formula that tests a couple of OR conditions within AND. And now, I will show you how you can do two or more AND tests within the OR function.
Supposing, you wish to mark the orders of two customers with an amount greater than a certain number, say $100.
In the Excel language, our conditions are expressed in this way:
OR(AND(Customer1, Amount>100), AND(Customer2, Amount>100)
Assuming the customer names are in column B, amounts in column C, the 2 target names are in G1 and G2, and the target amount is in G3, you use this formula to mark the corresponding orders with "x":
=IF(OR(AND(B2=$G$1, C2>$G$3), AND(B2=$G$2, C2>$G$3)), "x", "")
The same results can be achieved with a more compact syntax:
=IF(AND(OR(B2=$G$1,B2= $G$2), C2>$G$3), "x", "")
Not sure you totally understand the formula's logic? More information can be found in Excel IF with multiple AND/OR conditions.
That's how you use the IF and AND functions together in Excel. Thank you for reading and see you next week!
Practice workbook
IF AND Excel – formula examples (.xlsx file)
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