The tutorial explains the uses of ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN, FLOOR, CEILING, MROUND and other Excel rounding functions and provides formula examples to round decimal numbers to integers or to a certain number of decimal places, extract a fractional part, round to nearest 5, 10 or 100, and more.
In some situations when you don't need an exact answer, rounding is a useful skill to use. In plain English, to round a number is to eliminate the least significant digits, making it simpler but keeping close to the original value. In other words, rounding lets you get an approximate number with the desired level of accuracy.
In everyday life, rounding is commonly used to make numbers easier to estimate, communicate or work with. For instance, you can use rounding to make long decimal numbers shorter to report the results of complex calculations or round off currency values.
Many different ways of rounding exist, such as rounding to integer, rounding to a specified increment, rounding to simple fractions, and so on. And Microsoft Excel provides a handful of functions to handle different rounding types. Below, you will find a quick overview of the major round functions and well as formula examples that demonstrate how to use those functions on the real-life data in your worksheets.
If you want to round numbers in Excel solely for presentations purposes, you can change the cell's format by performing the following steps:
Unlike formatting options that change only the display value, Excel round functions alter the actual value in a cell.
Below you will find a list of functions specially designed for performing different types of rounding in Excel.
ROUND is the major rounding function in Excel that rounds a numeric value to a specified number of digits.
Syntax: ROUND(number, num_digits)
Number - any real number you want to round. This can be a number, reference to a cell containing the number or a formula-driven value.
Num_digits - the number of digits to round the number to. You can supply a positive or negative value in this argument:
For example =ROUND(15.55,1)
rounds 15.55 to 15.6.
For example =ROUND(15.55,-1)
rounds 15.55 to the nearest 10 and returns 20 as the result.
For example =ROUND(15.55,0)
rounds 15.55 to 16.
The Excel ROUND function follows the general math rules for rounding, where the number to the right of the rounding digit determines whether the number is rounded upwards or downwards.
Rounding digit is the last significant digit retained once the number is rounded, and it gets changed depending on whether the digit that follows it is greater or less than 5:
The following screenshot demonstrates a few ROUND formula examples:
The ROUNDUP function rounds the number upward (away from 0) to a specified number of digits.
Syntax: ROUNDUP(number, num_digits)
Number - the number to be rounded up.
Num_digits - the number of digits you want to round the number to. You can supply both positive and negative numbers in this argument, and it works like num_digits of the ROUND function discussed above, except that a number is always rounded upward.
The ROUNDDOWN function in Excel does the opposite of what ROUNDUP does, i.e. rounds a number down, toward zero.
Syntax: ROUNDDOWN(number, num_digits)
Number - the number to be rounded down.
Num_digits - the number of digits you want to round the number to. It works like the num_digits argument of the ROUND function, except that a number is always rounded downward.
The following screenshot demonstrates the ROUNDDOWN function in action.
The MROUND function in Excel rounds a given number up or down to the specified multiple.
Syntax: MROUND(number, multiple)
Number - the value you want to round.
Multiple - the multiple to which you want to round the number.
For example, the formula =MROUND(7, 2)
rounds 7 to the nearest multiple of 2 and returns 8 as the result.
Whether the last remaining digit is rounded up (away from 0) or down (towards 0) depends on the remainder from dividing the number argument by the multiple argument:
The MROUND function comes in handy, say, for rounding prices to the nearest nickel (5 cents) or a dime (10 cents) to avoid dealing with pennies as change.
And, it is really indispensable when it comes to rounding times to a desired interval. For example, to round time to the nearest 5 or 10 minutes, just supply "0:05" or "0:10" for the multiple, like this:
=MROUND(A2,"0:05")
or =MROUND(A2,"0:10")
=MROUND(3, -2)
and =MROUND(-5, 2)
result in the NUM error.The FLOOR function in Excel is used to round a given number down, to the nearest multiple of a specified significance.
Syntax: FLOOR(number, significance)
Number - the number you want to round.
Significance - the multiple to which you wish to round the number.
For example, =FLOOR(2.5, 2)
rounds 2.5 down to the nearest multiple of 2, which is 2.
The Excel FLOOR function performs rounding based on the following rules:
The CEILING function in Excel rounds a given number up, to the nearest multiple of significance. It has the same syntax as the FLOOR function.
Syntax: CEILING(number, significance)
Number - the number you want to round.
Significance - the multiple to which you want to round the number.
For instance, the formula =CEILING(2.5, 2)
rounds 2.5 up to the nearest multiple of 2, which is 4.
The Excel CEILING function works based on the rounding rules similar to FLOOR's, except that it generally rounds up, away from 0.
The INT function rounds a number down to the nearest integer.
Of all Excel round functions, INT is probably the easiest one to use, because it requires only one argument.
Syntax: INT(number)
Number - the number you want to round down to the nearest integer.
Positive numbers are rounded toward 0 while negative numbers are rounded away from 0. For example, =INT(1.5)
returns 1 and =INT(-1.5)
returns -2.
The TRUNC function truncates a given numeric value to a specified number of decimal places.
Syntax: TRUNC(number, [num_digits])
The Excel TRUNC function adheres to the following rounding rules:
=TRUNC(-2.4)
returns -2, while =INT(-2.4)
returns -3 because it's the lower integer. For more info, please see Rounding to integer example.The following screenshot demonstrates the TRUNC function in action:
These are two more functions provided by Excel for rounding a specified number to an integer.
ODD(number) rounds up to the nearest odd integer.
EVEN(number) rounds up to the nearest even integer.
The ODD and EVEN functions may prove useful when you are processing items that come in pairs.
For example:
=ODD(2.4)
returns 3
=ODD(-2.4)
returns -3
=EVEN(2.4)
returns 4
=EVEN(-2.4)
returns -4
As you see, there exist a variety of functions to round off numbers in Excel depending on the particular purpose. The following examples will hopefully give you some clues on how to use Excel rounding formulas based on your criteria.
Depending on the situation, you may want to round decimals up, down or based on math rounding rules:
ROUNDUP function - always rounds the decimal upward.
ROUNDDOWN function - always rounds the decimal downward.
ROUND - rounds up if the rounding digit is followed by the digit equal to or greater than 5, otherwise rounds down.
As an example, lets round the decimal numbers in column A to 2 decimal places. In the first argument (number), you enter a reference to the cell containing the number, and in the second argument (num_digits) you specify the number of decimal places you want to keep.
=ROUNDUP(A2, 2)
- rounds the number in A2 upward, to two decimal places.
=ROUNDDOWN(A2, 2)
- rounds the number in A2 downward, to two decimal places.
=ROUND(A2, 2)
- rounds the number in A2 to 2 decimal places, upward or downward, depending on whether the 3rd decimal digit is greater or less than 5.
When it comes to rounding a negative number, the results returned by the Excel round functions, may seem to flout logic :)
When the ROUNDUP function applies to negative numbers, they are said to be rounded up, even though they actually decrease in value. For example, the result of =ROUNDUP(-0.5, 0)
is -1, as in row 7 in the screenshot below.
The ROUNDDOWN function is known to round numbers downward, though negative numbers may increase in value. For example, the formula =ROUNDDOWN(-0.5, 0)
returns 0, as in row 8 in the screenshot below.
In fact, the rounding logic with regard to negative numbers is very simple. Whenever you use the ROUND, ROUNDDOWN or ROUNDUP function in Excel on a negative number, that number is first converted to its absolute value (without the minus sign), then the rounding operation occurs, and then the negative sign is re-applied to the result.
If you want to extract a fractional part of a decimal number, you can use the TRUNC function to truncate the decimal places and then subtract that integer from the original decimal number.
=A2 - TRUNC(A2,0)
As demonstrated in the screenshot below, the formula in column B works perfectly both for positive and negative numbers. However, if you'd rather get an absolute value (decimal part without the minus sign), then wrap the formula in the ABS function:
=ABS(A2 - TRUNC(A2,0))
As is the case with rounding to a certain number of decimal places, there is a handful of functions for rounding a fractional number to an integer.
To round up to nearest integer, use an Excel ROUNDUP formula with num_digits set to 0. For example =ROUNDUP(5.5, 0)
rounds decimal 5.5 to 6.
To round down to nearest whole number, use either INT or ROUNDDOW with num_digits set to 0. For example both of the following formulas round 5.5 to 5:
=ROUNDOWN(5.5, 0)
=INT(5.5)
For negative decimals, however, the INT and ROUNDDOWN functions yield different results - INT rounds negative decimals away from 0, while ROUNDDOWN toward 0:
=ROUNDOWN(-5.5, 0)
returns -5.
=INT(-5.5)
returns -6.
To remove the factional part without changing the integer part, use the TRUNC formula with the second argument (num_digits) omitted or set to 0. For example, =TRUNC(5.5)
truncates the decimal part (.5) and returns the integer part (5).
To round a decimal up to the nearest odd integer, use the ODD function:
=ODD(5.5)
returns 7.
To round a decimal up to the nearest even integer, use the EVEN function:
=EVEN(5.5)
returns 6.
Microsoft Excel provides 3 functions that let you round numbers to nearest half, more precisely to the nearest multiple of 0.5. Which one to use depends on your rounding criteria.
=FLOOR(A2, 0.5)
.=CEILING(A2, 0.5)
.=MROUND(A2, 0.5)
. Whether MROUND rounds the number up or down depends on the remainder from dividing the number by multiple. If the remainder is equal to or greater than half the value of multiple, the number is rounded upward, otherwise downward.As you see, the MROUND function can be used for rounding positive values only, when applied to negative numbers, it returns the #NUM error.
Rounding to nearest five, ten, hundred or thousand is done in the same manner as rounding to 0.5 discussed in the previous example.
Supposing that the number you want to round to closest 5 resides in cell A2, you can use on of the following formulas:
=FLOOR(A2, 5)
=CEILING(A2, 5)
=MROUND(A2, 5)
To round your numbers to nearest ten, supply 10 in the second argument of the rounding functions:
=FLOOR(A2, 10)
=CEILING(A2, 10)
=MROUND(A2, 10)
Rounding to a hundred is done in the same way, except that you enter 100 in the second argument:
=FLOOR(A2, 100)
=CEILING(A2, 100)
=MROUND(A2, 100)
To round a value in cell A2 to the nearest thousand, use of the following formulas:
=FLOOR(A2, 1000)
=CEILING(A2, 1000)
=MROUND(A2, 1000)
The same techniques can be used for rounding numbers to other multiples. For example, you can round the prices to the nearest nickel (multiple of 0.05), lengths to the nearest inch (multiple of 1/12), or minutes to the nearest second (multiple of 1/60). Speaking of time, and do you know how to convert it to nearest hour or closest 5 or 10 minutes? If you don't, you will find the answers in the next section :)
There may be many situations when you need to round time values. And again, you can use different rounding functions depending on your purpose.
With times located in column A, you can use one of the following functions to round time to nearest hour:
=MROUND(A1,"1:00")
=MROUND(A1, TIME(1,0,0))
=ROUND(A1*24,0)/24
=CEILING(A1, "1:00")
=CEILING(A1, TIME(1,0,0))
=ROUNDUP(A1*24,0)/24
=FLOOR(A1, "1:00")
=FLOOR(A1, TIME(1,0,0))
=ROUNDDOWN(A1*24,0)/24
In the ROUND, ROUNDUP and ROUNDDOWN formulas, you multiply the time value by 24 (number of hours in a day) to convert a serial number representing the time to hours. Then you use one of the rounding functions to round the decimal value to an integer, and then divide it by 24 to change the returned value back to the time format.
If your timestamps include date values, then use the INT or TRUNC function to extract dates (in the internal Excel system, dates and times are stored as serial numbers, the integer part representing a date and fractional part representing time). And then, use the formulas described above but subtract the date value. For example:
=MROUND(A1,"1:00") - INT(A1)
=MROUND(A1,"1:00") - TRUNC(A1)
The following screenshot demonstrates other formulas:
In case you want to round times in your Excel sheet to five or ten minutes, or to the closest quarter-hour, you can use the same rounding techniques as demonstrated above, but replace "1 hour" with the desired number of minutes in the formulas.
For example, to round the time in A1 to the closest 10 minutes, use one of the following functions:
=MROUND(A1,"0:10")
=MROUND(A1, TIME(0,10,0))
=CEILING(A1, "0:10")
=CEILING(A1, TIME(0,10,0))
=FLOOR(A1, "0:10")
=FLOOR(A1, TIME(0,10,0))
If you know (or can calculate) what portion of a day is constituted by a certain number of minutes, then you won't have problems using the ROUND, ROUNDUP and ROUNDOWN functions as well.
For example, knowing that 15 minutes, is 1/96th of a day, you can use one of the following formulas to round the time in A1 to the nearest quarter-hour.
=ROUND(A1*96,0)/96
=ROUNDUP(A1*96,0)/96
=ROUNDDOWN(A1*96,0)/96
This is how you perform rounding in Excel. Hopefully, now you know how, among all those round functions, chose the one best suited for your needs.
177 responses to "How to round numbers in Excel - ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN and other functions"
thank you!! it helps so much
Hi All,
I need you help on how to make this number 0.282186949 to become 28.21.
Thanks a lot in advance..
Hello Jeric!
If I understand your task correctly, the following formula should work for you:
=ROUNDDOWN(A1*100,2)
or
=TRUNC(A1*100,2)
I hope this will help, otherwise please do not hesitate to contact me anytime.
Hello, I want to round a value either 1.5 or 1.4 to the nearest whole number 2.0. But if that same cell is 2.0 then the return cell would show 2.0.
Hello Todd!
If I understand your task correctly, maybe the following formula should work for you:
=ROUNDUP(A1,0)
If there is anything else I can help you with, please let me know.
Hi, great article but I still can't solve my problem, I have a set number to round up to e.g. Power Supplies come in 2,3,5,8,10,15 Amps, so if my load is 6.1 I need to choose 8A unit, or load is 10.8 chose the 15A unit
Hello Oldie!
The ROUND function will not help you here. Use the VLOOKUP function for approximate match. Read this article on our blog: https://www.ablebits.com/office-addins-blog/2014/07/17/excel-vlookup-tutorial-beginner/#exact-approximate-vlookup
Example 2. How to Vlookup for approximate match.
I hope this will help, otherwise please do not hesitate to contact me anytime.
excel formula in above 6 roundup 10 or below 5 roundown 0 if condition separate cell
mulitple purpose
Hello Naresh!
The formula below will do the trick for you
=ROUND(C1,-1)
I hope it’ll be helpful.
Hello, I would like to bypass the normal rounding function. I would like a number between 1.01 - 1.4 to round down and 1.41-1.99 to round up.
Is this possible?
Hello Paul-Simon!
If I understand your task correctly, the following formula should work for you:
=IF(A20-TRUNC(A20) <= 0.4,ROUND(A20,0), ROUND(A20+0.1,0))
I hope this will help
What will be the output of following1) =sum (5,6). 2)= power(5,3). 3)=round(14.67) - round off by one digit after decimal. 4) =max(78,89,48). 5) =LOWER ("CORONA")
Hello!
What does sum (5,6) or LOWER (“CORONA”) have to do with the ROUND function? For me to be able to help you better, please specify which formula you mean and describe the problem in more detail. Thank you.
Hi,
I'm trying to write an equation in Excel that rounds using the following rules:
1. If the extra digit is less than 5, drop the digit.
2. If the extra digit is greater than 5, drop it and increase the previous digit by one.
3. If the extra digit is five, then increase the previous digit by one if it is odd; otherwise do not change the previous digit.
I feel like I'm close to a solution by using the IF(AND(Find line of commands but can't get it to come together properly. Could you please help?
Thanks so much,
John
Hi
I’m trying to round figures for my retail prices in one excel column
For example, simplest way for me to explain
Anything with a price between 17.01 and 17.50 rounds to 17.45
Anything with a price between 17.51 and 17.99 I want to round to 17.95
Any help I can get with this is much appreciated
Regards,
Declan
Hello Declan!
If I understand your task correctly, the following formula should work for you:
=IF((K1-TRUNC(K1))<=0.5,TRUNC(K1)+0.45,TRUNC(K1)+0.95)
I hope it’ll be helpful.
I'm trying to round 161-169 to 165 and 160 still remain 160 in one cell.
Thanks to much.
Hello Lynn!
If I got you right, the formula below will help you with your task:
=IF(A4-ROUNDDOWN(A4,-1)>0,ROUNDDOWN(A4,-1)+5,A4)
I hope this will help
What formula would I need to use to round up to the nearest $5? Example $63 round up to $65.
THANKS!!
Hello Christine!
To round to 5, use the MROUND function. Read detailed instructions https://www.ablebits.com/office-addins-blog/2015/08/06/excel-round-functions/.
=MROUND(E1,5)
I hope it’ll be helpful.
Hi , I am trying to write a formula for total hours in excel .
4(hrs).22(Min) + 4(hrs).46(Min) = 8(Hrs).68(Min) (Answer should be 9 hrs 8 minutes.)
7(hrs).30(Min) + 5(hrs).30(Mins)= 12(Hrs).60(Min) (Answer should be 13 hrs)
Please help to write formula.
Hello!
If you write 04:42:00 in cell A1, and write 04:46:00 in cell B1, then the formula =A1 + B1 gives 09:08:00. Explain in detail how you got your result and I will try to help you
I have a weight in one column and in the other column I am wanting to multiply it by 65% AND then round it up to the nearest increment of 5 using one formula. Example: My weight is 125 and I want to know 65% of that weight which is 81.25. I would like to round it up to 85. Can i do all of this in one cell. I have this so far =R3*0.65 , but I don't know how to use another function in the same cell to use that function AND round up to the nearest 5. I would like all my weights to end in 5 or 0 ie ( 85,95,100 etc..) Can you help me?
Hello Everyone,
If I wish to round off all decimal numbers upto 0.4999 to 0.5 and all decimal numbers greater than or equal to 0.501 to 0.9999 to 1. i.e. if a decimal number is 17.1 then it should be converted to 17.5 and if a decimal number is 29.65 then it should be converted to 30. These numbers should be rounded so that we arrive at the correct calculations.
How do I do it? Please help
Hello!
I hope you have studied the recommendations in the above tutorial.
Use the CEILING function
=CEILING(A1,0.5)
Read more here
Hi,
Is there a way to round up to the nearest specific time?
ie. round 12/09/2020 20:30 to the nearest 6:00am time
Hello!
If I understand your task correctly, the following formula should work for you:
=TRUNC(CEILING(B1,"06:00"))+0.25
I hope this will help
Hi,
Thanks for your reply. It does mostly do what i was asking. Is there a way for it to round upwards only? Some of the cells i am using it on is rounding some numbers backwards to "6:00" ie. 14/9/2020 11:40 is getting rounded to 14/9/2020 6:00 as opposed to 15/9/2020 6:00
Hello!
I ask you to immediately specify all the conditions.
Please try the following formula:
=IF((B11-INT(B11))>0.25,INT(B11+1)+0.25,INT(B11)+0.25)
Hope this is what you need.
Hi,
Thanks for your reply. Essentially what is needed is column A is a variety of different days and different times for each different day. The cell that will have the answer will need to round column A in the same row forward to 6:00am regardless of what the date is.
ie
Column A Column B
15/09/2020 17:30 16/09/2020 6:00
15/09/2020 21:43 16/09/2020 6:00
16/09/2020 3:26 16/09/2020 6:00
16/09/2020 8:15 17/09/2020 6:00
16/09/2020 13:26 17/09/2020 6:00
17/09/2020 5:00 17/09/2020 6:00
19/09/2020 20:45 20/09/2020 6:00
Hello all,
Just wanted to know if anyone have solution to the currency rounding requirement below:
Cent of 0.01 to 0.04 = Round down to 0 (zero)
Cent of 0.05 = Remain as 0.05
Cent of 0.06 to 0.09 = round up as 0.10
By law in our country the currency need to be rounded in such way due to 1 cent coin is no longer a legal tender.
Please share if anyone have solution. Thanks in advance
Hello!
I hope you have studied the recommendations in the tutorial above. It contains answers to your question. Use CEILING function.
Hello all,
I'm using a worksheet with retail prices where they all end in .99 (i.e. $26.99). I want to take 10% off each price but have it round down to .99. I was using (=ROUNDDOWN([@[List Price]]*0.9,0)-0.01) but the problem is if the list price has a 9 in the ones column it rounds down an extra dollar. For example if you take 10% of 29.99 it would be $26.99 which already ends in .99 so thats what i want. But the function im using rounds that down to $25.99.
Hello!
If I understand your task correctly, round down to the nearest integer using the INT function and add 0.99
=INT(ROUNDDOWN(E1*0.9,0))+0.99
I hope it’ll be helpful.
Can you help - I need the following time provisions on a summary of time work in minutes up to 100
i.e 11,070.92 hours worked
Less than 15 minutes - round to zero hours
15 minutes to 45 minutes (inclusive) - round to 1/2 hour
Greater than 45 minutes - round to hours
Hello!
Pay attention to the following paragraph of the article above (example 2) to learn how to rounding time to nearest 5, 10, 15, etc. minutes.
=MROUND(E1, TIME(0,30,0))
Hope you’ll find this information helpful.
Hey, I have got these conditions rounding with weights that we have,
.1 - .5 (should be rounded to .5)
.6 - 1.09 (Should be rounded to 1)
1.1- 1.59 (Should be rounded to 1.5)
1.6 - 2.09 (Should be rounded to 2)
I am familiar with the nested if but what about rounding these numbers like mentioned above.
Hello,
I have a question noone asked. How to round numbers to specific numbers that I have in a list?
My list is:
...
0.09
0.1
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.25
Then I need to round like this:
0.23 => 0.25
0.094 => 0.9
Hello,
I have a question noone asked. How to round numbers to specific numbers that I have in a list?
My list is:
...
0.09
0.1
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.25
Then I need to round like this:
0.23 => 0.25
0.094 => 0.9
I finally found answer. Here it is:
=INDEX(A2:A20;MATCH(MIN(ABS(A2:A20-A1));ABS(A2:A20-A1);0))
Where:
A1 is number that needs to be rounded
A2:A20 is a range of numbers that I can round to
If i have a quantity of 3.06 in B11 of excel and i have a unit cost of 536 in d11 and if i rounded up the 3.06 to 4 is there an equation that would then change the unit cost to the quantity of 4 automatically?
Hello! Is it possible to round past the decimal place? For example, turn 1,200,000 into 1.2?
Hello!
This is not rounding as the number does not change. Just divide by 1000000. Or use a custom number format
#,##0.0,,
or
#,##0.0,," M"
I hope I answered your question. If something is still unclear, please feel free to ask.
Hello!
Looking to calculate a sales price that is rounded to the nearest xx,x99
Example 17899 / .845 = 21,182.25. Need that to have end result show as 21,199.
Hello!
I hope you have studied the recommendations in the tutorial above. It contains answers to your question. Use MROUND function
=MROUND(A1,100)-1
Hope you’ll find this information helpful.